Special emphasis is placed upon the roles of intention and choice in the malicious action, as well as upon the role of evil in the choice that characterizes malice. Malice is contrasted with the exterior causes of sinful action, as well as with the other interior causes of sinful action: ignorance and passion. The fourth chapter considers malice, which is an interior cause of sinful actions, consisting as they do in a disordered will that loves some temporal good more than a spiritual good, and which, when the temporal and spiritual good are perceived to be incompatible with each other, result in an agent who knowingly chooses a spiritual evil so that the temporal good may be obtained. Here, sin is examined as a philosophical concept as well as as an act. The third chapter focuses upon that to which vicious habitus are directed: sinful actions. The features of habitus are applied to vice, and the relationship of vice to virtue and to the mean, the connection of the vices, and the generation, strengthening, weakening, and corruption of vices are examined. The second chapter takes up unsuitable habitus: vices. Habitus, it is argued, is a disposition that resides in certain powers of the soul that is difficult to change they make action prompt, easy, and pleasurable, and their objects connatural to their subjects. The first chapter begins with a consideration of the categories before moving on to disposition and habitus.
This project aims to examine the relationship between vice and malice according to Thomas Aquinas.
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